Uses

Ephedrine Uses

Ephedrine is a central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic agent that is used for several medical indications. Its primary uses include:

  • Treatment of hypotension: Ephedrine is commonly used to manage clinically important low blood pressure (hypotension) occurring in the setting of anesthesia. It acts through both direct and indirect stimulation of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors, increasing blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output[2].
  • Asthma and respiratory relief: Ephedrine is used as a bronchodilator to provide temporary relief of symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing due to bronchial asthma. It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways, making it easier to breathe[4][5][7].
  • Nasal decongestant: It acts as a decongestant by reducing swelling and constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages[4][6].
  • Treatment of narcolepsy: Ephedrine has stimulating effects on the cerebral cortex and subcortical centers, which accounts for its occasional use in narcolepsy[3].
  • Myasthenia gravis: Administration of ephedrine in some cases produces a modest increase in motor power in patients with myasthenia gravis[1][3].
  • Weight loss (historical): Ephedrine was previously included in weight-loss products because it promotes modest short-term weight and fat loss. However, its long-term safety and efficacy for this use are unproven, and its use for weight management is prohibited in many countries due to safety concerns[1][7].

Ephedrine is available in various forms, including prescription-only intravenous solutions for treating hypotension, and over-the-counter oral tablets or nasal sprays for bronchial asthma or congestion in some regions[1].
It is also important to note that ephedrine poses risks, especially at higher doses or in sensitive populations, including increased heart rate, insomnia, nervousness, and in rare cases, heart attack or stroke[4][5][7].

References

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