Kigelia africana, commonly known as the sausage tree, is renowned in traditional medicine for a wide spectrum of applications, particularly in African communities. Various parts of the plant—including its fruits, bark, leaves, roots, and seeds—are used to address numerous health conditions.
- Skin Conditions: Extracts from the fruits, bark, and flowers are traditionally employed to treat skin disorders such as eczema, fungal infections, psoriasis, boils, leprosy, impetigo, syphilis, and even skin cancer. These extracts have also found their way into skincare products due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory constituents[2].
- Gynecological and Cancer Treatment: The plant has historical use in managing gynecological complaints and as an adjunct in traditional cancer treatment[1].
- Wound Healing and Anti-inflammatory Uses: The unripe fruit is used as a dressing for wounds and in the treatment of hemorrhages and rheumatism. The tree is recognized for its role in managing inflammation among indigenous populations, supported by studies demonstrating its good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity[3][4].
- Internal Ailments: Traditional practices include using various parts of the plant for dysentery, malaria, diabetes, pneumonia, worm infestations, venereal diseases, convulsions, and toothache[2][3].
- Digestive and Respiratory Issues: Leaves and stem bark preparations are used for dysentery, constipation, fevers, and even as abortifacients. A tonic made from leaves is thought to improve general health[3].
- Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Action: Scientific studies highlight that extracts of Kigelia africana display antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, validating some of its traditional uses[1][3][4].
- Preparation Notes: The raw fruit is toxic and strongly purgative. It is prepared for medicinal use by processes such as drying, roasting, or fermentation to reduce toxicity[2][3].
While Kigelia africana has a long-standing history in traditional medicine and some applications are supported by scientific evidence, many traditional uses remain to be fully validated through comprehensive clinical studies[1].
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